Ophthalmology represents a branch of medical science dealing with the structure, functions, and diseases of the eye.
Periodic and complete ophthalmic examination is part of routine care because many eye diseases are silent or asymptomatic.
In the ophthalmologic examination, diseases with the potential to lead to blindness, ocular manifestations of a systemic disease, and signs of tumors or other cerebral anomalies can be detected.
Full ophthalmologic evaluation consists of external examination of the eyeball, visual acuity testing, pupil function testing, extraocular motility testing, visual field testing, intraocular pressure and examination of the eye structures through the dilated pupil.
The Department of Ophtalmology within the AIS Medical Center provides the following specialized assessments:
1. Clinical examination:
- Examination of the outer appearance of the eyes and eyelids;
- Autorefractometry – allows the diopters to be measured by means of a special device known as dioptron; for children under 3 years another device capable of remote measurement is used;
- Determination of visual acuity-consists of reading of figures and letters off a remote light panel, then reading a printed text (near-vision testing);
- Verifying ocular motility (eye movements) – for detecting strabismus, paresis, and then testing binocular vision (ability of the two eyes to function simultaneously);
- Biomicroscopy – allows examination of the anterior part of the eyeball (cornea, iris, lens). Sometimes a colored substance (fluorescein) can be used. The method allows a better visualization of possible wounds at the level of the anterior part of the eye. This substance does not modify the sight;
Examination of the bottom of the eye (inside the eye) – for visualization of the retina, blood vessels and optic nerve. Ideally, it should be performed every time after dilation of the pupil. In practice, in general, the examination of the bottom of the eyes without drops is mandatory
